A cell is the smallest unit of life, and the extraordinary diversity that we see around us is made of these essentially similar tiny units. Everything that is alive is made of one of two types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic. This series of articles explores the cells and cellular processes that are the common denominator shared by all living things.
Quick Links to Articles on Cell Biology
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: The Difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
All cells fall into one of two categories, primitive prokaryotes and the more complex eukaryotes. Here are the main features that distinguish these cell types.
Prokaryotic Cells: The Cellular Components of Archaea and Eubacteria
Prokaryotes are evolutionarily ancient, for billions of years they were the only form of life. Here's a description of the basic "parts & pieces" of these primitive cells.
Eukaryotic Cells: Basic Cellular Structure of Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes, the simplest form of life, are evolutionarily ancient, and for billions of years the only form of life; then came along a more advanced, complex type of cell. This is a cell type that you are familiar with, whether you know it or not. Eukaryotic cells are the units of life that make up your entire body.
Bacterial Cell Wall: Peptidoglycan of Prokaryotes
The amount and location of peptidoglycan in the prokaryotic cell wall is what determines whether a bacterium is Gram-positive or Gram-negative.
Bacteria:Gram-positive and Gram-negative
A major component of the bacterial cell wall is a molecule called peptidoglycan. Rigid peptidoglycan gives the cell its shape and provides protection from the external environment. This molecule also is the source of the most basic distinctions between bacterial types: Gram + and Gram – cells.
Cellular Respiration: The Metabolism of Turning Food into Energy
Glycolysis, synthesis of acetyl-CoA, Kreb's Cycle and electron transport are the complex series of reactions that turn the food into we eat into energy that can be used to power our cells.
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Sources
Content
Bauman, R. (2005) Microbiology.
Campbell, N. and Reece, J (2005) Biology, Seventh ed.
Park Talaro K. (2008) Foundations in Microbiology.
Images
T-cell and dendritic cell: lbl.gov, archive PBD-immune system.
